CONTENTS
Preface = ⅹ
Acknowledgements = xiii
1 Introduction : Studying Politics = 1
What is Politics? = 1
Political Science = 13
Part Ⅰ Politics in Context = 21
2 The World of Ideas : Political Ideology = 23
Ideology and the Western Tradition = 25
Liberalism = 26
Socialism = 35
Conservatism = 39
A Changing Climate = 42
Feminism = 43
Environmentalism = 47
A Third Way? = 53
An End of Ideology? = 55
3 The Constitution : the Unwritten and the Unknowable = 60
Seeking the Constitution = 60
Limiting Government = 68
Portecting Individual Rights = 73
A Written Constitution? = 79
Unwritten and Unknowable? = 82
4 The Global Context : This Sceptred Isle = 87
Britain Entering the Global Stage = 88
Reconstructing World Capitalism = 90
The Global Economy Today = 93
Globalized Violence = 98
Globalized Governance : the Missing Dimension? = 102
Britain and the World : Three Spheres of Influence = 106
Globalization in Question = 110
5 Britain in Europe : Awkward Partners? = 118
The Entry Process = 119
The Integration Process = 120
An Anatomy of the EU = 124
The Budget = 135
Europe as a Domestic Issue = 137
What Next? = 140
6 A Disunited Kingdom : Territorial Politics = 148
Unity and Devolution = 149
Ireland : a Terrible Beauty = 156
Territorial Politics in the UK = 167
7 The Social Context : Our Divided Society = 174
Political Culture = 174
Classes Apart = 177
The Monstrous Regiment : Sexism in British Society = 187
Race and Politics = 191
Covering the Cracks = 198
Part Ⅱ Mobilizing the Demos = 203
8 Mind Politics : What We Think = 205
Political Socialization = 206
The Press = 212
Broadcasting = 221
The 'New Media' = 227
Mind Politics = 229
9 The Electoral System : Parsimonious Democracy = 234
Representative Democracy = 234
Economizing with Democracy : Evolution of the Electoral System = 239
Electoral Behaviour = 245
Influencing Voters : Politicians and the Election Campaign = 257
The British Electoral System : Disproportional Representation? = 262
A Crisis of Legitimacy? = 273
10 The Politics of Power : a Life History of the Party System = 277
Genesis = 279
Challenge to the Established Order : the Rise of the Labour Party = 281
War and the Inter-war Era = 283
The Era of Consensus : the End of Ideology? = 287
The Consensus Cracked : the 1970s = 291
The Thatcher Era : Fractured Consensus or New Centre? = 292
The Major Years : Things Fall Apart = 295
New Labour, New Consensus = 296
Evaluating Two-party Democracy = 307
11 Inside the Parties : Masses, Leaders and Powers Behind Thrones = 312
Anatomy of the Mass Party = 312
Inside the Parties : Tweedledum and Tweedledee? = 321
Who Pays the Piper? = 334
Feathers and Favours = 338
Masses, Leaders and Powers Behind Thrones = 341
Part Ⅲ Government at the Centure = 345
12 Pomp and Circumstance : the Living Dead of the Constitution = 347
The Monarchy = 350
The House of Lords = 359
The House of Commons = 367
13 Parliament : Not to Reason Why = 386
The Parliamentary Parties : Sustaining Government = 387
Making Laws = 392
Debates in Parliament = 398
Scrutiny of the Executive = 401
Reporting Parliament : the Fourth Estate = 407
From Golden Age to Golden Sunset? = 410
14 The Heart of Government : of Cabinets and Kings = 417
An Anatomy of Cabinet Government = 419
The Prime Minister : Elective Dictatorship? = 436
A Monarchical Culture? = 453
15 The Village of Whitehall : of Ministers and Mandarins = 459
An Anatomy of a Bureaucracy = 459
The Culture of Whitehall = 466
Secrets of Success = 472
Power in Whitehall : Obedient Servants? = 481
Managing the Mandarins : Reinventing Government? = 488
Plus $$\cedil c$$a Change : Room at the Top = 490
16 Getting and Spending : the Politics of Public Expenditure = 496
The Nature of Public Expenditure = 496
Paying for the State = 502
Managing Capitalism = 511
Public Expenditure and Long-term Economic Decline = 520
17 The Politics of Influence : Who Gets What, When, How = 528
The Group Approach = 528
Explaining Group Politics = 537
Beyond the Group Approach = 551
Who Gets the Loot? = 557
Part Ⅳ The Outer Reaches of the State : Worlds Beyond Whitehall = 563
18 Arm's-length Administration : Quasi-autonomy, Quasi-democracy = 565
Introducing the Quango = 565
Sick of Democracy : the National Health Service = 568
Nationalizing Industry = 571
Privatization : the Full Circle = 574
Regulating the Natural Monopolies = 581
Quangos in Politics = 586
19 Local Government : the Grass Roots of Democracy = 593
Evolution = 594
What Does Local Government Do? = 600
The Wider World of Local Governance = 602
The Local Political Environment = 605
Management and Leadership : the Dilemma of Local Democracy = 612
Finance = 617
Local Governement in a Centralist State = 621
Local Democracy in Crisis = 624
20 Justice and Politics : Trials and Errors = 630
The Legal System = 631
The Dramatis Personae = 635
Questions of Impartiality = 640
Judges and Politics = 646
Administrative Justice = 651
Law and Politics = 658
21 The Coercive State : the Politics of Law and Order = 663
Culture and the Policing Function = 666
Trends in Modern Policing = 675
Quis Custodiet ipsos Custodes? : Who Guards the Guards? = 684
Beyond the Blue Horizon = 686
The Coercive State and the Community = 694
22 Thinking Synoptically = 700
Chronology of Events = 708
Glossary = 726
Bibliography = 740
Index = 768
Preface = ⅹ
Acknowledgements = xiii
1 Introduction : Studying Politics = 1
What is Politics? = 1
Political Science = 13
Part Ⅰ Politics in Context = 21
2 The World of Ideas : Political Ideology = 23
Ideology and the Western Tradition = 25
Liberalism = 26
Socialism = 35
Conservatism = 39
A Changing Climate = 42
Feminism = 43
Environmentalism = 47
A Third Way? = 53
An End of Ideology? = 55
3 The Constitution : the Unwritten and the Unknowable = 60
Seeking the Constitution = 60
Limiting Government = 68
Portecting Individual Rights = 73
A Written Constitution? = 79
Unwritten and Unknowable? = 82
4 The Global Context : This Sceptred Isle = 87
Britain Entering the Global Stage = 88
Reconstructing World Capitalism = 90
The Global Economy Today = 93
Globalized Violence = 98
Globalized Governance : the Missing Dimension? = 102
Britain and the World : Three Spheres of Influence = 106
Globalization in Question = 110
5 Britain in Europe : Awkward Partners? = 118
The Entry Process = 119
The Integration Process = 120
An Anatomy of the EU = 124
The Budget = 135
Europe as a Domestic Issue = 137
What Next? = 140
6 A Disunited Kingdom : Territorial Politics = 148
Unity and Devolution = 149
Ireland : a Terrible Beauty = 156
Territorial Politics in the UK = 167
7 The Social Context : Our Divided Society = 174
Political Culture = 174
Classes Apart = 177
The Monstrous Regiment : Sexism in British Society = 187
Race and Politics = 191
Covering the Cracks = 198
Part Ⅱ Mobilizing the Demos = 203
8 Mind Politics : What We Think = 205
Political Socialization = 206
The Press = 212
Broadcasting = 221
The 'New Media' = 227
Mind Politics = 229
9 The Electoral System : Parsimonious Democracy = 234
Representative Democracy = 234
Economizing with Democracy : Evolution of the Electoral System = 239
Electoral Behaviour = 245
Influencing Voters : Politicians and the Election Campaign = 257
The British Electoral System : Disproportional Representation? = 262
A Crisis of Legitimacy? = 273
10 The Politics of Power : a Life History of the Party System = 277
Genesis = 279
Challenge to the Established Order : the Rise of the Labour Party = 281
War and the Inter-war Era = 283
The Era of Consensus : the End of Ideology? = 287
The Consensus Cracked : the 1970s = 291
The Thatcher Era : Fractured Consensus or New Centre? = 292
The Major Years : Things Fall Apart = 295
New Labour, New Consensus = 296
Evaluating Two-party Democracy = 307
11 Inside the Parties : Masses, Leaders and Powers Behind Thrones = 312
Anatomy of the Mass Party = 312
Inside the Parties : Tweedledum and Tweedledee? = 321
Who Pays the Piper? = 334
Feathers and Favours = 338
Masses, Leaders and Powers Behind Thrones = 341
Part Ⅲ Government at the Centure = 345
12 Pomp and Circumstance : the Living Dead of the Constitution = 347
The Monarchy = 350
The House of Lords = 359
The House of Commons = 367
13 Parliament : Not to Reason Why = 386
The Parliamentary Parties : Sustaining Government = 387
Making Laws = 392
Debates in Parliament = 398
Scrutiny of the Executive = 401
Reporting Parliament : the Fourth Estate = 407
From Golden Age to Golden Sunset? = 410
14 The Heart of Government : of Cabinets and Kings = 417
An Anatomy of Cabinet Government = 419
The Prime Minister : Elective Dictatorship? = 436
A Monarchical Culture? = 453
15 The Village of Whitehall : of Ministers and Mandarins = 459
An Anatomy of a Bureaucracy = 459
The Culture of Whitehall = 466
Secrets of Success = 472
Power in Whitehall : Obedient Servants? = 481
Managing the Mandarins : Reinventing Government? = 488
Plus $$\cedil c$$a Change : Room at the Top = 490
16 Getting and Spending : the Politics of Public Expenditure = 496
The Nature of Public Expenditure = 496
Paying for the State = 502
Managing Capitalism = 511
Public Expenditure and Long-term Economic Decline = 520
17 The Politics of Influence : Who Gets What, When, How = 528
The Group Approach = 528
Explaining Group Politics = 537
Beyond the Group Approach = 551
Who Gets the Loot? = 557
Part Ⅳ The Outer Reaches of the State : Worlds Beyond Whitehall = 563
18 Arm's-length Administration : Quasi-autonomy, Quasi-democracy = 565
Introducing the Quango = 565
Sick of Democracy : the National Health Service = 568
Nationalizing Industry = 571
Privatization : the Full Circle = 574
Regulating the Natural Monopolies = 581
Quangos in Politics = 586
19 Local Government : the Grass Roots of Democracy = 593
Evolution = 594
What Does Local Government Do? = 600
The Wider World of Local Governance = 602
The Local Political Environment = 605
Management and Leadership : the Dilemma of Local Democracy = 612
Finance = 617
Local Governement in a Centralist State = 621
Local Democracy in Crisis = 624
20 Justice and Politics : Trials and Errors = 630
The Legal System = 631
The Dramatis Personae = 635
Questions of Impartiality = 640
Judges and Politics = 646
Administrative Justice = 651
Law and Politics = 658
21 The Coercive State : the Politics of Law and Order = 663
Culture and the Policing Function = 666
Trends in Modern Policing = 675
Quis Custodiet ipsos Custodes? : Who Guards the Guards? = 684
Beyond the Blue Horizon = 686
The Coercive State and the Community = 694
22 Thinking Synoptically = 700
Chronology of Events = 708
Glossary = 726
Bibliography = 740
Index = 768